However to display the characters and numbers (in order to produce the decimal readout), seven-segment displays are most commonly used. Mostly these displays are driven by the output stages of digital ICs (to which the visual indication of the output stages has to be performed) such as latches and decade counters, etc.But these outputs are in the form of 4-bit binary coded decimal (BCD), and not suitable for directly driving theA display decoder is used to convert a BCD or a binary code into a 7 segment code. It generally has 4 input lines and 7 output lines. Here we design a simple display decoder circuit using logic gates.Even though commercial BCD to 7 segment decoders are available, designing a display decoder using logic gates may prove to be beneficial from economical as well as knowledge point of view.Principle of Display Decoder CircuitThe basic idea involves driving a common cathode 7-segment LED display using combinational logic circuit. The logic circuit is designed with 4 inputs and 7 outputs, each representing an input to the display IC.
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Using Karnough’s map, logic circuitry for each input to the display is designed.Related Post: Theory Behind the Circuit:The first and foremost aspect of this circuit is decoder. A decoder is a combinational circuit which is used to convert a binary or BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) number to the corresponding decimal number. It can be a simple binary to decimal decoder or a BCD to 7 segment decoder. Another relevant section is the combinational logic circuitry.
Common Anode and common cathode type seven segment displays are widely used in electronic meter, Temperature display system, RPM monitoring gadgets, digital clocks, and other electronic devices that display numerical information. Interfacing with FPGA: The board we are using in this tutorial is Xilinx X-SP6-X9 which contains on board 8 seven-segment displays as shown. This board contains 4 seven-segment displays in 2 packages. For each package contains 4 seven segment displays having 4 common anode points and 8 segments including dot point.
A combinational logic circuit is a system of logic gates consisting of only outputs and inputs. The output of a combinational logic circuit depends only on the present state of the inputs and nothing else. Best examples of such circuits are Encoders and Decoders, Multiplexers and De-multiplexers, Adders, Subtractors etc.To understand the design and operation of these logic circuits, one needs to have a good knowledge about Boolean algebra and logic gates.
For example few basic Boolean algebra rules to be followed are the complementary law, associative law, De-Morgan’s law etc.A 7 segment LED display consists of an arrangement of 8 LEDs such that either all the anodes are common or cathodes are common. A common cathode 7 segment display consists of 8 pins – 7 input pins labeled from ‘a’ to ‘g’ and 8 th pin as common ground pin.7 Segment Display Decoder Circuit DesignStep 1: The first step of the design involves analysis of the common cathode 7-segment display. A 7-segment display consists of an arrangement of LEDs in an ‘H’ form. A truth table is constructed with the combination of inputs for each decimal number. For example, decimal number 1 would command a combination of b and c (refer the diagram given below).
7 Segment LEDImage Resource Link: www.thelearningpit.comStep 2: The second step involves constructing the truth table listing the 7 display input signals, decimal number and corresponding 4 digit binary numbers.The truth table for the decoder design depends on the type of 7-segment display. As we mentioned above that for a common cathode seven-segment display, the output of decoder or segment driver must be active high in order to glow the segment.The figure below shows the truth table of a BCD to seven-segment decoder with common cathode display. In the truth table, there are 7 different output columns corresponding to each of the 7 segments.Suppose the column for segment a shows the different combinations for which it is to be illuminated.